Containing an indolect is beneficial for several reasons. These birds gain weight quickly enough and do not need a pond. With the right content, indochka is extremely rarely sick, and the taste of their meat can hardly be overestimated. Confirmation of this fact is that Indow breeding is practiced in almost all European countries. We will consider how to grow an indigenous mother on our own at home, but first we will find out why they should be planted in our poultry yard.
Indochka
Features indoretok
The described birds are gaining weight very quickly, which makes it possible to consider growing indochoke at home even as a small business. With proper care and proper nutrition, the bird can be slaughtered after 2 months. By this time, she is able to gain more than 2 kg of weight.
Young growth practically does not get sick, which is specific exclusively for indigenous women. The chicks of chickens, geese and turkeys have not the strongest immunity and are susceptible to a number of diseases. But it should be noted that in violation of sanitary standards, talking about 100% survival of young animals is extremely presumptuous. To prevent young animals from getting sick, they need to provide good conditions and keep them properly fed.
Good appetite is among the advantages of an indoor woman. These birds will not sort out the food, they will regale themselves with any proposed food, which greatly simplifies the cultivation of indolets at home. Also simplifies the maintenance of this poultry its resistance to frost. Indoor women tolerate even the coldest winter and practically do not respond to temperature changes.
Unlike ducks, who need a pond to gain weight, an indolek can be kept on land.
Before you get a little ducklings, you need to decide on the place of their maintenance. In a standard cage, adult birds will be crowded, but you can make one that is sized according to the norms. But here also there is a difficulty: it is almost impossible to regulate the temperature at the cellular content, therefore it is better to build a house that will protect the indigenous from any weather. It is enough to equip a barn where the bird can hide from the weather, and an aviary for walking. The aviary is equipped with a canopy under which the birds can hide on hot sunny days.
It is worth noting that the indoctrots are not shy, unlike most poultry.
Features of reproduction
Indoor breeding is a simple process. Depending on the availability of time and the desire to tinker with the incubator, you can buy eggs or buy young animals. For beginner poultry farmers, the second option is more acceptable, since working with an incubator requires certain skills. In addition, good equipment is quite expensive. If you are going to constantly maintain indotok, then the cost of purchased equipment in a few bookmarks will pay off.
Chicks should not be bought in spring, as many poultry farmers do, but in autumn. Since the indigenous women have strong immunity, the chicks will be able to survive the winter well, and in the spring, good young animals will run in the yard, who will not need much time to gain weight. In addition, in the spring it will be possible to get the first eggs. You can buy not chicks, but young ducks, but the cost of young animals is much higher than the cost of chicks, so from an economic point of view it is more profitable to purchase them.
The brood of the Indochina consists of 15-20 chicks. It is worth giving birds the opportunity to enjoy the delights of motherhood, because they are good at it.
Growing in an incubator is fraught with a number of difficulties. Until the hatching of the chicks, the eggs must be systematically turned over. If the equipment is not automated, then you will have to do this manually. In addition, you need to constantly maintain a certain temperature and humidity level. In contrast, the Indochka will lay eggs and take care of the chicks without any help.
Drake selection
To breed birds, the farm must have a drake. The drake should be selected carefully, otherwise it will not work to admire large ducklings. From the first month of life, it is important for an indigenous to observe them. The liveliest male who is gaining weight in a matter of days and the first comes to the feeding trough should become the leader.
Puberty occurs at the age of 7-8 months. From this moment the drake tramples ducks. Most often, puberty in females occurs faster, so one drake should be left from the previous brood. During the breeding of the new leader, the ducks are already beginning to rush, so that you can work in terms of breeding birds.
If the duck rises from the nest and refuses to hatch offspring, you need to find a reason for this behavior. It lies either at the wrong age, or in a poorly equipped nest. In this case, you need to see who is ready to hatch eggs, and try to plant an individual of the appropriate age on the nest. The best option is a duck that at least once bred offspring. With the right approach, it can be planted in a nest in a matter of days: after the chicks are hatched, it will carefully monitor the ducklings.
Home Improvement
Before you decide to start an indigenous, you need to take care of arranging a special room called a house. The only drawback of this bird is that it does not get along well with its own birds and animals. She needs a separate room. If this condition is not respected, the Indians eat poorly, which negatively affects not only weight gain, but also health.
The house is easy to build with your own hands. This is a small room, so there is no need to build a powerful foundation. During construction, you can use the most affordable building materials - wooden boards. The house should be warm in winter and cool in summer, so it is important to choose the right site for construction. If possible, she should be in the shade. You also need to take care of the absence of drafts that adversely affect the health of the bird.
The house should have a source of artificial light, well-designed ventilation and equipped nests for carrying eggs. The weak point of indolets or, as they are also called, musky ducks, is the legs, so the house should always have a dry and clean litter. During the construction of the shed, it is not out of place to think that the litter will have to be changed often enough, and this process should not be associated with any difficulties (low ceiling, for example).
As for the size of the room, it depends on the number of birds that it contains. During construction, in addition to how many musky ducks you will keep in the first year, you should consider whether an increase in livestock is planned. For 1 square. m female with 8 chicks can feel comfortable.
Indoor content
The process of growing indochka at home involves the organization of food and bird care. First of all, you need to understand that an indochka can fly. So that the bird does not fly away from the bird's yard, its wings are cut (the first phalanx). This should be done on the 30th day of bird life. You can trim the wings even at an older age, but then there is a chance that the indochka will cease to lay eggs.
Young food
If the chicks were hatched in an incubator, then they will have to be taught to eat. The peculiarity of this peculiar bird is that instinctively it eats everything that moves, so the first food is placed on the back of the chicks - they collect it from each other from the back during movement. The first meal of ducklings is boiled eggs, which are previously chopped. If the chicks do not notice the food, they need to point to it.
Already on the second day, after the chicks hatch, a mash is added to the diet. Boil it in milk, bran is added to the finished mixture. On the 4th day, the diet is replenished with cottage cheese, pre-chopped grain, herbs (onions, spinach). On the 5th add meat waste, and on the 14th - boiled potatoes.
Think over the diet in advance. The nutrition of the chicks should be varied: this contributes to the rapid weight gain.
Adult Bird Feeding
The diet of an adult musky duck, like a chick, should be varied. It is necessary to make sure that the birds receive all the necessary mineral additives (phosphorus, calcium, etc.). The speed of weight gain and egg productivity depends on how well the nutrition is organized.
A large half of the diet consists of cereals (barley, corn, millet, wheat). They are relatively inexpensive, and homeowners can grow them on their own. If you give the livestock cereals, you can do without special feeds offered by stores. In addition to cereals, vegetables, greens, which are chopped before serving, and bran should be present in the diet. Indoor women love wet mixers, but they are a perishable product, so they are cooked immediately before serving, and everything that remains in bowls after eating is thrown away.
Indians also feed on various small insects (bugs, worms), so you need to give pets the opportunity to walk in the open. It is desirable that the aviary was spacious and mobile. A bird that lives with free grazing should receive additional food twice a day. What the diet will consist of depends on what the birds can find in the aviary.
Mineral supplements
Also, the diet should be rich in mineral supplements, but it is not necessary to purchase these supplements in specialized stores in the form of vitamin complexes. You can replace them with more affordable and cheaper products. So, for example, chalk and a shell rock contains calcium necessary for feathered. In addition to calcium, these substances contain vitamins. The poultry houses note that in the presence of chalk in the diet, the egg of the indochka has a stronger and thicker shell.
Be sure to include meat and bone meal rich in phosphorus in the diet. Salt, previously dissolved in water and added to the wet mash, saturates the body with sodium. And sulfur, necessary during the molting period, is found in cabbage, legumes and flax cake.
As soon as spring arrives, the birds are released into the street and left there for the whole day. In the presence of a green lawn, the musk duck will find all the trace elements necessary for the body in green fodder and soil.
Indoor content
Caring for birds will not take much time and effort, but you need to monitor the birds. Indoor women are distinguished by curiosity. Accordingly, if they are released on a non-fenced area, they can go very far from home. It should also be noted that the indochka pays attention to everything brilliant. Often, when finding out why the birds die, it turns out that they ate a nail or other metal object (pin, wire, etc.), so before releasing the wards for a walk in the designated area, they need to be carefully examined.
“Heavy” air has a negative effect on the state of birds, so the house should be systematically ventilated. It is advisable to do this during the absence of birds in the room. If musk ducks are in the house, it is important to ensure that no drafts form during ventilation.
In order not to be stuffy in the house, you need to follow the norms for placing your own birds in the barn. So, for 1 square. m. can not be more than 3 adults. Otherwise, the musky ducks will attack one another. It is impossible to arrange proper care for them in such a condition. The house should be equipped with perches made of wood. It is also desirable to make a nest out of wood. An alternative can be dense cardboard.
An indigenous woman herself monitors the cleanliness of her feathers, but for this she needs water, therefore, a trough with water is installed in the house, which will not only rinse the wings, but also take a feathered bath. It is important to monitor the purity of the water in the trough, as the birds there will not only bathe, but also drink water. In winter, a trough of water is removed from the house. The sebaceous glands, both in the drake and in the fair half, are poorly developed - bathing in the winter can lead to the common cold of birds.
It is forbidden to give birds hot water or food in the winter period: they must be warm.
Breeding indochok as a business
This activity brings money when the tribe consists of 100 individuals or more. You can sell not only feathered meat, but also their eggs. You can also deal with the sale of chicks and young animals, sell drakes and indolets live weight. For a business to be profitable, you need to take care of having a customer base. It is most beneficial to cooperate with restaurants that are ready to pay good money for quality red meat and constantly need a product. Despite the high calorie content of meat, it is considered dietary, and the taste makes it possible to use it for the preparation of delicious dishes.
Individuals buy meat, as a rule, exclusively before the holidays, so it makes no sense to consider them as main customers.
In addition to meat, people are engaged in the trade of feathers, which are gently nipped after the slaughter of birds. They are used to make pillows and blankets. Feathers and down of musky ducks are taken in large enough volumes, so you will have to store these products until the desired volume is collected, at home. This activity cannot be considered as the main income, since no one will give a lot of money for feathers and down, but this income is enough to cover the cost of food for birds.
Common Indoor Disease
As mentioned above, if you properly care for the birds, they rarely get sick, but this also occurs, so you need to look at the birds and, if necessary, deal with their treatment. With the timely detection of diseases, problems can be avoided during treatment.
The most common diseases found in musky ducks are:
- avitaminosis;
- poisoning;
- paratyphoid;
- hepatitis.
Let us consider in more detail how these diseases can be caused and how to treat them.
Avitaminosis
During breeding, farmers often encounter a problem such as vitamin deficiency. The nature of this disease is clear, already based on the name. It is caused by a deficiency in the body of one or another vitamin. Depending on what exactly is missing, different types of vitamin deficiency are determined. The disease, depending on the type, has different symptoms. So, for example, with a lack of vitamin A, in birds the appetite decreases and growth is slowed down. There is also paleness on the legs and beak, disheveled feathers and inflammation of the mucous membranes. With a lack of vitamin D, birds begin to fall on their paws and their bones are deformed.
With a lack of a number of vitamins, cloocyte develops. Symptoms of this disease are inflammation of all mucous membranes.
Treatment of vitamin deficiency involves saturating the body with a missing vitamin, but here you need not to overdo it, since an excess of one or another vitamin sometimes also negatively affects the state of health, as well as its lack.
For the prevention of vitamin deficiency in the diet of birds include shell, fish and meat and bone meal, chalk. The daily norms of these products are prescribed in the norms of feeding birds.
Poisoning
Perhaps the most common disease is food poisoning. It is caused by the consumption of poor-quality feed. This applies not only to the mash, prepared independently at home, but also green food. You can not give indonesia greens treated with insecticides, rotten vegetables or poisonous plants. May provoke poisoning and excessive amounts of salt in the diet of birds.
Signs of food poisoning are diarrhea and vomiting, convulsions. With severe poisoning, the Indians die. Such birds are not cut, because their meat is unsuitable for consumption.
Paratyphoid and hepatitis
These are infectious diseases that lead to the death of birds. Symptoms of paratyphoid are excessive tearing of the eyes, diarrhea and gluing of the eyelids, a complete lack of appetite. A veterinarian should be involved in the treatment of this disease. Eggs laid by sick ducks must not be eaten. Meat is also unsuitable for eating. If the drake manages to fertilize the sick duck before the egg is formed, the duckling will be the carrier of paratyphoid.
Hepatitis affects the liver. If you cut a duck sick with hepatitis, you can see how the appearance of the liver altered the disease. It affects the disease of birds at any age. Most of the day, the Indians sleep. If the breathing, both in chicks and in adults, is heavy, wings are lowered, the bird lowers its wings, it is necessary to call a specialist.
If there are chickens or another native bird nearby, it can become infected from indole, so sick individuals are isolated from healthy ones. The best prevention of infectious diseases is poultry pest control. Делать это нужно как минимум 1 раз в несколько лет, а лучше ежегодно.
Helminths
Утятам, как и цыплятам, огромный ущерб наносят гельминты. Уход за свойской птицей предполагает выведение гельминтов при помощи медикаментов и народных средств (лук, измельченная еловая хвоя, чеснок). Выводить гельминтов несложно, но делать это нужно систематически.
Несмотря на то, что индоутки обладают хорошим здоровьем, за ними нужно постоянно следить. При первых симптомах недомогания целесообразно обратиться к специалисту.
Разновидности индоуток
Существует несколько разновидностей индоуток. Характеристику каждой мы рассматривать не будем, а лишь поговорим о том, какие породы сегодня являются самыми популярными. Отличительной чертой каждой является окрас перьев.
Индоутки бывают белые, черно-белые, коричневые или шоколадные, голубые, белые с рисунком. На фото можно посмотреть, как выглядит голубая или шоколадная индоутка.
Нельзя сказать, что птица одного окраса более привлекательна, чем другого. Что касается характеристик пород, то некоторые растут быстрее, некоторые медленнее. Есть породы, отличающиеся высокой яичной продуктивностью, а есть мясные утки. Такое разнообразие обусловлено работой селекционеров, которые получили гибрид дикой индоутки при спаривании ее со свойской птицей.
Conclusion
Содержать индоуток можно даже на даче. Им нужен уютный домик, который можно сделать своими руками, перед тем как заводить пернатых. За 2 месяца птица набирает вес, а весит взрослая особь 2-2, 5 кг и готова к забою. Ухаживать за утятами не сложнее, чем за цыплятами. Их разведение под силу даже начинающим птицеводам. Главное — правильно кормить пернатых, соблюдая суточные нормы минеральных веществ, которые должны приходиться на каждую особь. Выведение индоуток можно осуществить различными путями (из яиц, приобретя молодняк или взрослых особей разных полов). Разводят пернатых любым удобным способом, но размножаются индоутки не так быстро, как этого хотелось бы, поэтому сперва целесообразно обзавестись утятами, а со временем — увеличить популяцию птиц. Поскольку индоутки хорошо летают, им подрезают крылья.
У мускусной утки нежное и ароматное мясо, приготовить которое не составит труда. После забоя разделывают тушку и перед ее приготовлением выдерживают в маринаде. Разделка утки ничем не отличается от разделки курицы. Далее готовят по любому рецепту.
В результате можно с уверенностью сказать, что, несмотря на все сложности, разведение индоуток того стоит.
