White filling apples grow in almost every garden, because they have a unique and unforgettable taste and ripen the first of all early varieties.
Variety of apples White filling
Benefit and harm
The variety of apple trees White filling received its popularity due to many advantages. These include the following characteristics:
- high yield;
- frost resistance;
- early ripening.
But there are several disadvantages:
- due to the peculiarity of the skin and the granular texture of the pulp, the fruit has poor transportability;
- simultaneous ripening of apples (it is not always possible to have time to harvest and process the crop);
- short shelf life.
general characteristics
Description of the tree and fruits
Trees reach a height of 3.5 - 5 m. A beautiful pyramidal crown over time becomes rounded and spreading, in some adult trees its diameter reaches 5 m.
The bark of the skeletal branches and trunk is rough, gray in color, the remaining shoots are of medium length and thickness.
The leaves are grayish-green in color, with a matte top and a fleecy bottom. Thick, fairly long stalks.
Ripe white apples with a pink blush, round, gradually taper to the cup, becoming like a cone. The peel is thin, delicate, easily damaged. The flesh is crisp, loose, coarse-grained.
In young trees, the weight of the fruit is 100-150 g. But the older it gets, the smaller the fruit.
Taste
Apples are very fragrant, juicy and sweet and sour. The variety has a lot of useful properties due to the vitamins and other useful substances contained in it. It contains:
- Vitamin C - strengthens the immune system;
- pectins - help to eliminate toxins from the liver;
- insoluble fiber - help remove bad cholesterol;
- fiber - normalizes the intestines;
- quercetin, an antioxidant contained in the peel, fights against the effects of free radicals.
It is undesirable to use White filling for people who have been diagnosed with a stomach ulcer, gastritis, and colitis.
Productivity
Productivity depends on the age of the apple tree
White filling begins bearing fruit at the age of 3-5 years: up to 200 kg of beautiful, large apples can be collected from a five-year-old tree.
The older the tree becomes, the smaller the yield and the smaller the fruits.
Autonomy
Belongs to self-infertile varieties, the quality of the fruit can be improved due to faultlessly selected pollinator.
Pollinators
As pollinators, you can use any early variety. The most acceptable neighborhood with apple trees is Antonovka, Medunitsa, Ottawa, Grushovka Moskovskaya, Aromat de Vare, Mantet.
Frost resistance
The tree successfully adapts to a different type of climate, does not reset the ovary during spring frosts. But it is not frost-resistant enough for cultivation in regions with severe frosty conditions.
Disease and pest resistance
Apple-tree White filling is exposed to the following disease: scab, powdery mildew, and it can also suffer from pests.
Preventive measures should not be neglected in order to reduce harm from insects and rodents: whitewash the trunk with lime mortar every autumn (mix lime, clay and vitriol), remove fallen leaves, dig up trunks.
One of the most dangerous diseases is cytosporosis. The first sign is the appearance of spots on the cortex. It leads to the death of branches, drying of the stem and the death of the whole tree.
When the first signs appear, it is necessary to spray the tree with the insecticide “Khom” in early spring (dilute 40 g of the drug in 10 l of water). Repeat after a week. And during flowering, treat with a mixture of 50 g of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water.
To protect against fungi that cause scab and powdery mildew, treat with Skor or copper sulfate (following the instructions). After flowering, spray with copper chloride (description of use is indicated in the attached instructions). In autumn it is necessary to repeat spraying with copper sulfate.
Gardeners who do not want to use chemicals can spray the apple trees with a soap solution, for which 300 g of soap grated on a coarse grater are dissolved in 2 l of warm water, and then the resulting solution is poured into 8 l of cold water.
To prepare pepper infusion - 1 kg of chopped fruit is boiled in 10 l of water for an hour. Two days insist and filter. Store in tightly closed containers. For use, dilute 120 g of infusion in 10 l of water and add 40 g of soap.
Tree life
With proper care, regular pruning, in order to prevent thickening and prolong the fruiting period, the tree can live for more than 30 years.
Price
In most nurseries, or in online stores specializing in the sale of fruit trees, you can buy high-quality seedlings in various versions - ordinary, dwarf, columnar, for a reasonable price. On average, it ranges from 400 to 500 p.
Landing
Properly selected planting stock is the key to the successful cultivation of White Bulk. After all, the first 10 years, the development and productivity of apple trees directly depends on the quality of seedlings.
Landing time
Two-year-old seedlings can be planted in the fall
Spring is suitable for planting trees of this variety: second half of April or first half of May.
If you plant an apple tree at this time, it will have time to take root and take root before the onset of cold weather. Seedlings older than 2 years are allowed to plant in the fall - in September or early October.
Landing site preparation
To plant a crop, it’s important to choose the right place. You should choose a light, protected from drafts, gusts of wind and strong sun area, enriched with useful substances chernozem.
Ground water should pass at a depth of about 6 m, the apple tree likes moderate moisture, but does not tolerate swampiness.
Landing technology
Before planting a tree, in about 4-5 weeks, dig a hole 80 cm deep and 1 m wide.
Digging it, you need to recline the upper (fertile) layer of earth on one side, the bottom - in the opposite. Drive a peg into the center of the prepared hole. Add claydite or broken brick to the bottom. Mix a bucket of humus with the top layer of excavated soil and pour it into the pit. Cover it with foil and leave for a month.
After this period, proceed with landing:
- drop the selected seedling into the prepared hole, while making sure that the vaccination site is on the south side of the tree;
- water is poured into the pit until the soil ceases to absorb it;
- fill the soil, tamp;
- the root neck should protrude 5 cm above the ground;
- to tie a sapling to a peg - this will protect the apple tree from sudden gusts of wind;
- retreat from the stem 15 cm and mulch the pericarp circle.
Care
According to the description, the White filling is not picky about the quality of the soil, easily adapts to any weather conditions, therefore the care of the apple tree is very simple and requires only timeliness.
Watering
The main condition for the good development of the apple tree is the presence of the required amount of water. The amount of moisture received has a positive effect on the juiciness of the fruit. Any method of watering - drip, surface, unpaved, must be carried out in the evening or in the morning, or in cool weather.
For annual seedlings, 20 liters of water are required, for 2-year-olds about 40 liters of water, for 5-year-old trees, from 50 to 100 liters of water.
Frequency:
- for young trees - once a week with a sufficient amount of fluid so that the root system is properly formed;
- older than five years - before the buds open, before fruiting, two weeks before harvesting, and in October - before the start of wintering.
Irrigation is not recommended during the period of fruit formation, and immediately after picking apples.
Cropping and shaping the crown
For this variety, it is typical to begin the formation of the structure before planting. The seedling branches are carefully trimmed to get a compact crown. The process begins in early spring.
Tree needs crown formation
The upper part of the young tree and side shoots are cut with a sharp secateurs. In biennial apple trees, branches growing upwards are cut off. As a result of a correctly carried out procedure, the crown should branch out in width.
Graft
To get a developed and healthy tree, it can be grafted onto a variety adapted to future growing conditions. It is advisable to independently vaccinate in the fall, by way of budding.
A part of the trunk is selected a few centimeters above the root neck, a T-shaped incision is made on it, the edges are pushed back, and the prepared kidney is inserted into the incision from the varietal tree. The kidney should be with a bark and a thin cut of wood.
The vaccination site is wrapped with a damp cloth. The kidney is left open. Check the success of the event after 2 weeks. If the kidney remains green, it has taken root.
Breeding
White filling seedlings can be purchased in the nursery, but there are ways to grow them yourself.
Known methods of reproduction:
- seed cultivation;
- vaccination on any grade with a kidney or a cuttings;
- to budge on a clonal stock;
- layering.
Ripening and fruiting
The tree begins to bear fruit by the age of 3.
The White filling variety has one nice feature - early and simultaneous ripening of apples (mid-July - early August, taking into account weather conditions).
Harvesting and storage of crops
Harvest should be quickly processed or sold, because it is stored a little. It is perfectly stored in the form of drying, jam, jams are prepared from it, small apples are not canned whole in sweet syrup.
Subspecies and Options
There are several varieties of this variety grafted onto different stocks.
- Dwarf - up to 3 m high, fruiting begins at 2 - 3 years, high productivity. This variety requires more careful care.
- Half-dwarf - up to 4 m high, has a longer lifespan.
Growing in different regions
In regions with more severe climates, fruits ripen longer and harvest in late August - early September.
Fruiting occurs once every two years, and begins at the age of 5 - 6 years from the moment of planting. The size of apples is much smaller than when grown in regions with a warm climate - up to 60 g.
Gardeners reviews
White filling will surely delight you with delicious and juicy apples.
Reviews of gardeners indicate that the tree brings a crop, even if there was insufficient care and no fertilizing was carried out.
The most significant drawback is the poor preservation of the fruit. But their benefits and taste contribute to the fact that each site has a dream of a tree of this variety.
