Apple Tree Sun is especially popular among gardeners. Scientists-breeders Dolmatov, Sedov, Zhdanov and Serova worked on breeding the culture. As a result of their work, a variety of apples appeared on the horticultural market, which has established itself on the commodity and consumer side.
Varietal features of the apple tree Sun
Grade characteristics
The neat appearance of the apple tree, bright red fruits, expressive taste, as well as health benefits are the qualities of the variety that attract many gardeners.
The culture is medium-fruited, a characteristic feature is the resistance of apple trees to bad weather conditions and some types of diseases.
Advantages and disadvantages
The variety has many advantages that are worth mentioning:
- yield level stands out among other crops, characterized by high abundance and quality;
- trees have excellent winter hardiness, they are not afraid of wind and drafts;
- apples are well preserved, can be easily transported without harm to the fruit;
- cultivation is allowed on stocks of the dwarf type, this makes it possible to get the first crop 3-4 years after planting;
- attractive appearance of the apple tree;
- resistance to disease, in particular to scab.
Among the shortcomings can be identified:
- apple trees are medium-fruited. During normal planting, the tree will begin to bear fruit only in the 6-7th year after sowing;
- shelf life is short. This is due to the fact that the culture belongs to late autumn fruit varieties. Because of this, the period of its storage is significantly reduced;
- untimely harvesting leads to the fact that the fruits fall, are damaged and become unsuitable for transportation or longer storage.
Description of the tree and fruits
The apple tree is characterized by low growth and neat appearance. The crown has a rounded shape, shoots thickened with a slightly fleecy surface.
Foliage culture is small in size, rounded in shape. A distinctive feature of the leaves of the variety is their twisted and pointed tip. Inflorescences have a soft pink color and are collected in bunches of 4-5 flowers.
Apples of this type of medium size (about 140 g weighs one fruit), have an oblong shape. When harvesting, they have a yellow-green color, but during the aging period they become light yellow with pink sides.
Taste
Variety of apples The sun has an attractive appearance. Fruits are rich in vitamins and minerals, organic acids, which are so necessary for our body. Apples are used both fresh and prepare various dishes from them.
The pulp of the fetus may have a slightly creamy tint, dense in structure. The taste of apples is sweet and sour, with a slightly expressed grit.
Productivity
One of the significant advantages of this variety is its high productivity. With proper and competent care from one fruiting adult tree, gardeners receive up to 170 kg of selected fruits. The fruit bearing cycle is characterized by constancy.
Pollinators
These apple trees are classified as self-fertile: in order to get the maximum possible yield, it is necessary to place them near trees of other varieties. These include Antonovka, Orlin, In memory of the warrior, etc.
Winter hardiness
The grade is resistant to frost
A significant advantage of this variety is that these fruit trees easily tolerate low temperatures. During flowering, they are able to survive frosts. This makes it possible to grow crops in regions with harsh winters and weather conditions unfavorable for other varietal apple trees.
An exception to this rule is only the first year of a seedling's life, when the tree only survives and adapts to new conditions. During this period, gardeners recommend mulching the trunk circle.
Disease resistance
The apple-tree variety Sun is characterized by the presence of high immunity against a common disease among plants - scab. The culture is attacked by various kinds of pests, such as thistle, flower beetle, leaf flock, etc. Apple trees need timely treatment from these parasites.
Tree life
The average life expectancy of apple trees is 25-30 years. The active period of their bearing starts from the 7th year and continues through the 20th. Further, crop yields begin to decline every year.
Landing
This apple tree gardeners are one of the most unpretentious in terms of cultivation.
For planting varietal culture, the southern sides of the garden plot are perfect. One of the important conditions is an open, well-lit space. The presence of drafts does not matter - the culture is not afraid of them.
When planting, heavy clay soils should be avoided. To lighten the soil, you can mix it with sand. This will give it friability and adjust the necessary air exchange.
The timing
Gardeners recommend planting trees in such periods:
- in spring, when morning cold weather no longer portends freezing of the upper soil layer (April-May is most suitable for this);
- in the early autumn, long before the onset of the first cold weather (this will enable the seedling to take root, adapt its root system to the created conditions).
Technology
The technology of planting an apple tree The sun is characterized by certain stages:
- it is recommended to dig a hole under the culture (size approximately 50x50 cm) 1.5-2 weeks before planting;
- the seedling should be soaked for several hours in standing water to allow the root system to be saturated with moisture;
- in the center of the hole a kind of embankment is made, on top of which fertilizers and drainage materials (ash, humus, peat) are laid;
- in the center of the hole is a seedling. The main condition is that the root neck of the culture should be located several centimeters above the soil level;
- the root system is neatly straightened and lowered into a previously made mound. After this, the hole is filled with soil and slightly tamped.
Immediately after planting, crop branches can be slightly trimmed. This will enable new shoots to grow more actively.
Care
The tree must be well looked after
The care includes a set of actions and activities that are aimed at creating for the culture the most favorable conditions for development and fruiting. These include watering, loosening the soil around the root system, treatment for diseases and pests, timely pruning and cleaning of the tree from damaged branches, etc.
Watering
Excess moisture for a tree of this species threatens with a significant reduction in yield due to disruption of the rhizome. Watering should be carried out sparingly, depending on weather conditions. On hot days, it is recommended to water the apple tree often, but with a small amount of water.
An important factor is the time of watering - it should be carried out exclusively in the morning or in the evening, when the activity of the sun is small.
Weeding and cultivation
In order to fully provide the root system with oxygen, it is recommended to systematically care for the soil around the tree. Soil care includes weeding and loosening. This is especially true in rainy weather, when the earth around the tree is rammed due to constant moisture.
Top dressing
The unpretentiousness of the apple tree The sun relieves the owner of this crop from the constant application of fertilizers. However, it is noted that in the first year of life of a seedling it should still be supported with the help of organic, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizing. Subsequently, the apple tree is fed once a year - in early spring.
Cropping and shaping the crown
In order for the apple tree to develop well and annually bring a good harvest, pruning should be carried out systematically, forming the crown of the tree. This is done 2 times a year: in late autumn (sanitary cleaning) and in early spring.
Pruning involves removing diseased, old, or damaged branches. Also, during the period of fruit formation, it is often necessary to remove 1-2 apples from each bunch.
Winter preparations
Apple Tree Sun - a winter-hardy variety. Special actions that are aimed at warming the culture are not necessary. An exception is only the first year of a seedling's life, when it is still vulnerable to low temperature.
Sanitary cleaning of the tree is the main part of the gardener's work, which prepares the culture for wintering.
Protection against diseases and pests
In order to protect fruit trees from pests and various diseases, periodic inspections of crops are carried out, as well as preventive and therapeutic actions. This includes treating wood with special products that protect it from pests and diseases.
From codling moths, aphids, ticks, flower beetles and other pests that pose a danger to the culture, fumigation and spraying of the apple tree with special substances - solutions of tomato tops, chlorophos, karbofos, etc. are used.
Features of ripening and fruiting
Description of the features of ripening and fruiting of the apple varieties Sun is reduced to the following:
- fruit ripening is characterized by mass character;
- apples are sensitive to mechanical damage, therefore they require a careful attitude when harvesting;
- with proper care, fruiting is plentiful and annual.
Harvesting and storage of crops
Fruits from branches need to be removed carefully
Harvesting begins after their final ripening: September-October. Fruit picking should be done carefully, being careful not to damage the stem and not causing fruit to fall from nearby branches.
Apple is stored in low wooden crates. Fruits are laid out in a single layer and placed in a cool, ventilated area. Periodically, the fruit should be inspected to detect spoiled or damaged specimens. The optimal shelf life of apples of this variety is 2-3 months.
Kinds
Through the use of different stocks, subspecies of the Sun variety were bred. Some of them have proven themselves exclusively on the positive side and are more popular than the original look.
Dwarf and semi-dwarf
Thanks to the use of dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, a new variety was developed. A brief description of the culture:
- the height of an adult tree is 2 m;
- such a tree begins to bear fruit already from 3-4 years of its development;
- This variety is used for industrial purposes due to the intensity of fruiting.
Columnar
A characteristic feature of the columnar apple tree is its crown, which is characterized by compactness. The main advantage of this species is the ability to condense planting crops, which significantly saves space without affecting yield.
Oryol
The main feature of the variety is resistance to a disease such as scab. There are no differences between the varieties except the name.
Features of cultivation in the regions
Apple trees Sun have established themselves as a variety of fruits that adapt perfectly to virtually any environment. You can grow culture both in regions with harsh winters, and in areas with a hot climate.
Correcting tree care depending on climatic conditions will make it possible to enjoy annual abundant flowering and a rich harvest.
Gardeners reviews
This species recently began to gain favor from gardeners. Fans of growing new varieties of crops note the positive qualities of the tree. They emphasize that at the minimum cost of time and money, this apple tree is able to delight in the fall with a plentiful harvest of attractive, juicy and healthy fruits.
Rational and competent care for fruit trees, which is not particularly difficult, can be done even by an amateur gardener. Those who practice the cultivation of this species advise everyone to cultivate it in their plots.
The name of the variety immediately disposes to itself, causing a smile. Seeing these fruits, tasting their juicy, aromatic, crisp flesh, you will fall in love with them at first sight.
