Apple-tree Slavyanka is known for its high productivity. Due to this characteristic, culture is popular all over the world. The garden view needs proper care: for this, watering and fertilizing the soil are organized. The winter variety grows rapidly and decorates the land with its fruits.
Varietal features of the apple tree Slavyanka
Characteristic
The winter view owes its appearance to Michurin.
It is the result of cross-crossing of Antonovka and Renet varieties. The first fruits of the hybrid were obtained only in the sixth year after the experiment. To this day, Slavyanka is one of the most popular varieties.
Good yield in adult crops. Fruits can form on perennial branches, and on young shoots. Flowers that appear in early spring are characterized by increased frost resistance. The tree tolerates cold well - even young shoots withstand temperatures up to -10 ° C.
The variety is hardy to gusts of strong wind.
Pain tolerance provides rapid growth of the tree and fruits. Variety apples can be eaten raw or cooked. Fruits culture every year. From one tree you can collect up to 200 kg of apples.
The first fruits will be obtained no earlier than the 6th year of cultural development. The yield of the apple tree, albeit high, but it does not change. The percentage of carrion is small due to the structure of the stalk.
Pollinators
The apple variety Slavyanka belongs to self-fertile. Ovaries form in isolation or in a garden where there are similar cultures. Pollination is necessary to improve crop quality. Correct neighborhood ensures rapid formation of ovaries and fruit growth. The best pollinating varieties for apple trees:
- ordinary Antonovka;
- Bellefleur;
- Pippin.
Appearance of fruits and tree
According to the description of the apple tree Slavyanka, a tree of medium height. She reaches 4 m.
The annual growth is 0.5-1 m. Rarely located branches create a round crown. Plastic shoots. The bark darkens over the years.
The fruits are medium-sized and densely arranged on branches. The average weight of one apple is up to 110 g. If the tree is grafted incorrectly or it is in adverse conditions, the weight of one fruit is not more than 70 g.
Description of apples:
- light - peel green-yellow;
- wide-ribbed fruits;
- the peel is dense, shiny, smooth;
- the fruits are distinguished by good keeping quality - they are stored until the end of winter - the beginning of spring.
Inside the fruit is white flesh. It is juicy and moderately dense. The pulp is characterized by fine grain. Closer to spring, if the fruits are stored for a long period in a dark, damp room, the structure of the pulp changes. It becomes softer and less juicy.
Taste qualities
Fruits are distinguished by excellent taste.
The variety is distinguished by high taste. The average apple score is 4.5. An unusual taste is noted.
Describe the taste of the pulp as sweet with a slight sourness. Thanks to this, the Slavyanka variety is used to create desserts, blanks for the winter and various jams. Apples that are stored for a long period in the house have a rich aroma.
Disease resistance
The variety is characterized by good resistance to various ailments. Fungal diseases rarely affect trees. Good resistance in species to scab and various rot. Bacterial diseases rarely occur.
Timely prevention helps minimize the impact of pathogenic microflora on a seedling or an adult tree.
Landing pattern
Winter culture is planted in the fall or spring. If you plan to plant a tree in early spring, it is better to choose the period when the upper layers of the soil warm up. You can not delay: if the kidneys have already formed on neighboring crops, you can not plant an apple Slavyanka.
In the fall, landing is carried out a month before the frost. In thirty days, the seedling will have time to adapt to new conditions. If vaccinated later, he may not survive the harsh winter.
How to plant a variety:
- two weeks before the estimated date of disembarkation, a landing pit is formed;
- the hole is fertilized;
- before planting, pit abundantly watered;
- the seedling is immersed in it, and a peg is attached next to it;
- the rhizome is covered with soil and rammed from above;
- water the tree.
The sequence in planting determines the growth rate of the seedling. Sowing time may vary depending on the region in which the land is located. The warmer, the earlier work begins in the garden.
In the north, it is better to arrange planting of apple trees in early spring: as soon as the upper snow layer is gone, a pit can be formed. For the southern regions, the preferred landing time is autumn. In the middle zone of Russia, sowing varieties are carried out both in autumn and spring.
Seat selection
Shaded areas are not suitable for trees
In order for the seedling to quickly take root, choose the right conditions. To do this, clean the area with good lighting. You cannot plant a tree in the shade, because it will grow for a long time, and apples formed on young branches will be deformed.
You can not constantly fill the seedling with water, so the lowlands are not suitable. It is better to choose a site near the shelter, in order to further protect the culture from strong winds in winter.
Pits are formed according to a simple scheme: between adult trees there should be a distance of at least 4 m, and between rows in the garden - at least 6 m. The location of groundwater in this case should not exceed 3 m.
When the pit is ready, it is fertilized. Use the simplest organic matter - humus. It can be mixed with manure, compost, rotten leaves. Soil is added to the mixture and this composition is placed inside the pit with a thick layer.
After planting, the tree is watered with water - at least 3 buckets. The next hydration is carried out no earlier than a week later.
Care
When planting an apple tree Slavyanka, you need to take into account the features of caring for such a crop. Strongly the fruits and their quality do not depend on the soil.
The tree grows with any composition of the soil, but some studies have proved the relationship of moisture level and fruit size. Apples grow larger if the soil is wet. Such fruits have a brighter color and thicker peel.
A delicate blush appears only on fruits that ripen under the sun. If there is a shadow on the land, the fruits remain green. A sapling needs three conditions - timely watering, periodic top dressing and mandatory pruning of branches.
Fertilizer application
Apple trees fertilize in early spring. For this, urea is used. 300 g of a nutritious product are mixed with 5 kg of humus. The mixture is applied to the soil around the trunk. When the apple tree blooms, it is fertilized with chicken droppings. The concentrated substance must be diluted with water. In total, 1 part of the litter and 10 parts of water will be required.
Superphosphate is used to enrich the mixture - add no more than 100 g. Immediately after flowering, apple varieties are fertilized with wood ash.
Spraying, as a form of top dressing, is used in spring. Spend two recharge with a break per month. The best remedy for such irrigation is Effekton. He is bred according to the instructions. After such a procedure, root humate supplementation with sodium humate is performed, but not earlier than a month later.
After making nutrients, the apple tree must be watered abundantly.
Watering work
Grade Slavyanka is not watered too often. No more than 6 irrigations are carried out per year. Less water the apple tree, which suffered a fungal disease. Until the tree is restored, it cannot be moistened.
So that apples are saturated with moisture, irrigation work is stopped a month before the harvest. In drought conditions, spraying crops.
Pruning branches
Trimming is carried out twice a year
The apple variety Slavyanka has a rounded crown. The growth rate of the branches is average, therefore, during pruning, problems with the formation of the crown do not arise. Trim twice a year. This mandatory adult tree care scheme includes:
- autumn pruning. It is also called formative. During this period, the growth of the main lashes is set. The work carried out in the autumn allows thinning out thickened shoots. The branches growing inside the crown or those that have grown along the trunk are removed;
- spring pruning. It is called a sanitary. The main objective of such an event is to free the tree from diseased or dry branches. Work is carried out until the formation of buds, so that bad branches do not have time to draw all the moisture out of the rhizome.
Places of cuts on apple trees are treated with a disinfectant solution. Extraordinary pruning is carried out in cases where the culture is sick. It is necessary to stop the ailment and separate the diseased branches from the healthy ones.
You can not carry out more than 3 trimmings per year without urgent need. Such events disrupt the natural growth of a seedling or an adult tree.
Pest control
Pests rarely attack this apple variety. But in some regions this species may be threatened by:
- aphid;
- leaf flakes;
- pennies.
To reduce the risk of infection, the crown of the apple tree must be treated with "Nitrofen." Proportions - 200 g of substance per 10-12 l of liquid. Spraying is carried out before the buds open.
Ripening and fruiting
The developmental stages of a variety are characterized as follows:
- bloom. For the first time, the hybrid blooms in the second or third decade of May. At the beginning of the month, ovaries appear only if early spring has stood out. The exact date determines the microclimate of the garden. Natural conditions also affect the timing of fruiting;
- fruit ripening. Maturation dates depend on the temperature regime. The sun's rays accelerate this process. On average, the formation of Slavyanka apples is completed at the end of September;
- fruiting. From October, you can start harvesting. The fruits are formed at one time, so the gardener does not have to wait. The fruits finally ripen in January. This occurs in the storage areas of the crop.
The gardener is able to regulate these processes by introducing additional nutrients. The organization of shelter for the winter affects the rate of appearance of the ovaries. The decisive factor is the climate and moisture of the tree.
Harvest Storage
Apples can be stored fresh for a long time.
The variety is distinguished by good keeping quality. Harvested in the fall without difficulty survives the winter. Apples lie in ordinary wooden boxes. They must be stored in a cold place protected from excessive moisture.
It is better not to mix fruits of different varieties. Sick and healthy apples should not be stored in a common box. The longer the fruits lie, the more intense their taste will be.
Growing regions
Michurin himself determined the optimal conditions for the tree. It is unpretentious in care, but if you properly combine the level of humidity and the ambient temperature, you can get the best result.
It bears fruit well in the middle lane of the country and in the north. Saplings quickly take root in Belarus and Ukraine. Trees are able to grow in any region if the gardener creates artificial conditions for the Slavyanka apple tree: it regulates the moisture level and additionally saturates the soil with nutrients.
Reviews
The feedback from experienced gardeners about the variety is positive. The bred hybrid combines high palatability and unpretentiousness. Gardeners who have been cultivating crops for many years have noted the following:
- more important for the tree is not soil, but watering. Moisturizing the soil, the gardener contributes to the appearance of large fruits with juicy pulp. Contribute moisture to the basal part and to the branches. By spraying the apple tree, the gardener improves the metabolic processes of the tree. You can not irrigate the branches in extreme heat. All irrigation work is carried out in the evening. The liquid for this is preheated or left for the whole day under the sun;
- You can not grow a hybrid in cramped conditions. If the site is small, it is impossible to save space due to the Slavyanka variety. Otherwise, sparse branches quickly break, and the fruits rot;
- it’s better to harvest the whole crop at once. The fruits will be able to "reach" to the desired state at one time. Then the crop will not be spoiled.
This variety is chosen by experienced gardeners and beginners. The apple tree quickly takes root in the new conditions, and if problems arise, they immediately affect the appearance of the culture. Proper planting, watering, pruning guarantee a stable crop of fragrant apples every year.
