Winter mushrooms belong to the family of edible mushrooms Ryadovkov. They begin to grow from the end of summer, they are collected in the winter, even from under the snow. The winter mushroom has several names: velvet-legged flammulin and winter mushroom.
Characteristics of the mushroom winter honey agaric
Description of the appearance of the mushroom
According to the description, the caps have a diameter of 2 to 10 cm. They are smooth and slimy to the touch. Mushrooms change color depending on the tree on which they grow. They are found even in the city center, on the sidelines of gassed roads. It is forbidden to collect such specimens: they contain a large number of harmful microelements. Their use threatens serious poisoning. Depending on the place of germination, they are:
- brownish yellow;
- yellow-orange;
- bright yellow with a dark spot;
- dark yellow with bright edges.
In young specimens, the hat is convex, with its edges tucked up; during maturation, it becomes outstretched. Plates, like hats, change their appearance, depending on the place of growth. They can grow to the leg. Their color varies from white to light yellow. With a period of growth, the hue becomes closer to brown. Spores for propagation are white and have different shapes.
Flammulina consists of a thick, dense, cream-colored pulp. It tastes good, slightly sour and with a persistent mushroom smell. According to the description, the leg of the mushroom is thin, about 10 cm long and up to 1 cm wide. It has a cylindrical shape, brown color and a dense structure.
The mushroom is found on dead wood in the Moscow region and the Moscow region. More often it grows on moist soils in gardens, squares and forests near rivers, streams, among the tree stumps poplars and willows are chosen. Fruits flammulin in groups - sprouts. Winter mushroom belongs to the group of saprotrophs that parasitize on diseased and damaged trees.
When collecting winter mushrooms, it must be remembered that there are false and poisonous mushrooms similar to them. To distinguish the false mushroom and not collect it, you should examine the leg of the fetus. There is a light ring on it, and the cap is covered with pronounced scales in edible vegetables.
Benefit and harm
The composition of the honey agaric includes a large number of antioxidants: ergotionein and proflamine. They improve the state of immunity and heart function. And therapeutic trace elements: copper, iodine, potassium, calcium, iron, protein and vitamins B, C, PP, K stop the formation of metastases in sarcoma.
Flammulina has several useful properties:
- renews skin cells, making it supple and smooth;
- accelerates the maturation of lymphocytes;
- restores intestinal microflora;
- improves the condition of blood vessels;
- supports liver health;
- reduces inflammation;
- lowers cholesterol;
- gives energy and improves working capacity.
The composition of the honey agar also includes flammulin, which has an antioxidant effect. It contains a large number of glycoproteins, which are responsible for the human immune system.
The use of mushrooms has a positive effect on the body
The benefits of flammulin are its antiviral and antibacterial properties. It contains lectin and PD-glucan, shows immunomodulatory ability. Tinctures and decoctions of fruits - an effective remedy for impotence.
Flammulin does not cause harm if a person does not have an allergy to it, and during processing it was not mixed with poisonous representatives. Groups of mushrooms only damage trees. They cause poisoning if consumed with a lot of alcohol. You can not eat them for pregnant women and children under 3 years: they contain substances that the stomach digests for a long time.
Application
Mushrooms are used both in medicine and in cooking.
Thanks to the bright appearance and appearance, winter mushrooms are popular ingredients in dishes. Before use, they are washed with dirt, dark parts are cut off from them. Mushrooms are cut into pieces or boiled whole for about half an hour. To prepare the sauce, they are fried or stewed. Also dipped in breadcrumbs.
Mushrooms are often stored in the refrigerator after boiling and drying. They are pickled, salted and dried. Before cooking, caps of vegetables are cleaned of mucus. Legs are rarely added to salads and sauces, because they are dense in structure. But for stews, caviar and fillings, they are suitable. Winter mushrooms are combined with fish, meat and vegetables.
In medicine
In Japan, winter mushrooms are used to create a vaccine against neoplasms. Winter mushrooms have antioxidant properties and protect a person from cardiovascular diseases. Nutritionists recommend adding them to your diet, because they are low-calorie and treat stomach problems, inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
In Japanese and Korean medicine, honey-based preparations are prescribed for the treatment of leukemia, sarcoma, adenoma. In the modern world, they even learned to use the beneficial properties of mushrooms for cosmetic purposes. They are added:
- face masks;
- in body lotions;
- in creams that fight peeling and dryness.
Honey mushrooms are also endowed with a rejuvenating effect.
Cultivation methods
A variety of flammulin is grown in artificial conditions on a balcony or in a specially equipped room.
To do this, you will need:
- peel of sunflower seeds;
- buckwheat shell;
- wooden sawdust;
- glass jars of 2 l;
- finely chopped corn stalk;
- thick remaining after cooking and suctioning barley wort.
All substances are mixed and insisted 24 hours. After that, water is squeezed out, the mixture is placed in banks up to half and the mycelium is lowered there. The container is covered with lids with holes. After 15 days, the mycelium will germinate, and live, edible mushrooms can be observed. With one can with a capacity of 2 l receive up to 1 kg of mushrooms. It is stored in a shaded place with a temperature of 10 ° C-12 ° C.
Harvesting is carried out by carefully cutting the leg with a sharp object, twisting the fruit body out of the substrate. Overgrown and rotten specimens are not consumed: they are thrown away.
Conclusion
Winter mushroom is a late mushroom that is harvested from August to the end of December. It grows in many countries, including Japan and Korea. When growing, they use a nutritious substrate, which allows you to get tasty fruits at home. The harvest is carried out year-round. Edible winter mushrooms have a false analogue - poisonous gallery. According to the description, she looks like them in appearance, but she has a ring on her leg.
